It mostly involves otic ganglion and stapes in which normal bone is replaced by spongy bones.

它主要累及耳神节和镫骨，其中正常的骨被海绵骨取代。

A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies.

神节是神细胞体的集合。

But these ganglion cells are more sensitive to certain colors of light than others.

但是这些神节细胞对某些颜色的光比其他颜色的光更敏感。

But where these ganglia appear relate to their function, and which division of the autonomic system they're serving.

但是这些神节出现的地方与它们的功能有关，以及它们服务于自主神的哪个部门。

From the neurons in the skin, it travels retrogradely to the nerve ganglia, where it remains dormant.

并且它可以逆行至神节，保持潜伏态。

Past research has also linked stuttering to the basal ganglia, a group of brain structures involved in body movements.

过去的研究也将口吃与基底神节联，基底神节是一组参与身体运动的大脑结构。

These equations describe neural activity in different parts of the brain including the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and the cerebral cortex.

这些方程式描述了大脑不同部位的神活动，包括基底神节、小脑和大脑皮层。

Your body's internal clock, or circadian rhythm, is regulated by a type of neuron in your eyes called ganglion cells.

你体内的生物钟或昼夜节律由眼睛中一种称为神节细胞的神元调节。

Okay, Dr. Karev, if we're gonna stop her blushing, we have to expose the sympathetic ganglion chain which resides where?

好了，Karev 医生，如果我们要阻止她脸红就要暴露交感神结，在哪里？

Those signals flow all the way to their ganglia.

这些信号一直流向他们的神节。

The basal ganglia, structures tucked beneath the brain's cerebral cortex, play a critical role in initiating a variety of motor activities.

基底神节，隐藏在大脑皮层下的结构，在启动各种肌动活动中着关键作用。

And this layer, as the name indicates, contains neurons — not only the photoreceptors but also bipolar neurons and ganglion neurons.

这一层，顾名思义，包含神元——不仅是光感受器，还有双极神元和神节神元。

In octopuses, around two-thirds of the neurons are actually found in the arms themselves, and these are localised into small brains called ganglia.

在章鱼身上，约有三分之二的神元是在腕足上，这些神元局部存在于被称为神节的次大脑中。

Understandably enough, the axon lengths of the neurons before the ganglion are called the preganglionic fibers, and the ones coming out are postganglionic.

可以理解的是，神节前神元的轴突长度被称为节前纤维，出的是节后纤维。

Its sensory neurons create a nerve cell cluster called trigeminal ganglion, located in the bones on the side of the face between the eyes and ears.

它的感觉神元组成了一组神细胞簇，叫做三叉神节，位于两侧眼与耳中间的骨骼中。

The researchers hypothesize that there may be some process in the scallop's ganglion that combines this information overload into a single cohesive image.

研究人员假设扇贝的神节中可能有一些过程将这种信息过载组合成一个单一的凝聚力图像。

The substantia nigra is a part of the basal ganglia, a collection of brain regions that control movement through their connections with the motor cortex.

黑质是基底节的一部分；基底节是大脑几个区域的集合，通过与运动皮质的连接控制动作。

While an insect can do a lot with just its local ganglia, the brain is still crucial for its survival.

虽然昆虫仅靠其局部神节就可以做很多事情，但大脑对其生存仍然至关重要。

So, the nerve in the skin of your fingers is served by the lateral branch of a first order neuron, which carries the sensation to the dorsal root ganglion.

所以，你手指皮肤上的神其实是第一级神元的外侧支，它将感觉信息传递到背根神节。

When the signals reach the synapses inside the ganglia, the nerve fibers then release a neurotransmitter — called acetylcholine, known to its friends as ACh.

当信号到达神节内的突触时，神纤维会释放一种神递质——乙酰胆碱，朋友们称之为 ACh。