1.The causes are presented as follows: packer unloading pressure, formation damage, oil tool plugging, formation voidage, the worst formation physical properties and the effect from vicinage wells.
地层污染或工具堵塞;地层欠压;地层物性极差;邻井影响。
2.A new multiflow model of a pressurized spout fluid bed with a draft tube has been developed to investigate the voidage and the velocities of particle and gas in spout and annular region.