Methods Urinary calculus were removed by ureteric lithotripsy with ureteroscope or mini-invasive percutaneous neral fistulation lithotripsy removed the urolithus.

方法应用输尿管镜尿道碎或皮肾造瘘碎取出尿路结。

Ureteroureterostomy or pyeloureterostomy using native distal ureter were relatively effective and safe .It is advisable for the treatment of ureteric obstruction after kidney transplantation.

植肾盂输尿管与自体输尿管再吻合术，对肾干扰小，术后并发症少，可为开放手术治疗植肾积水的优先选择。