Well, the plant from which maize derives, the teosinte, is wonderfully adaptable.

其实那种而来植物大刍草具有很奇妙适应性。

Which, in the case of teosinte's transformation into corn, was a major makeover.

比如大刍草转为，这就是一个重大改造。

An ear of teosinte originally yielded somewhere between 5 and 12 small kernels, each with a hard shell called a pericarp.

每一个墨西哥野能产出 5 至 12 颗粒，每一颗粒都有一个硬壳，称为“果皮”。

All the corn eaten today is derived from a tall grass called teosinte, which Indigenous people in what is now southern Mexico began selectively breeding about 9,000 years ago.

如今我们所有都源自一种名为“墨西哥野”高大草本，现今墨西哥南部土著人大约在 9000 年前就已经开始选择性培育这种植物了。

We know early Americans first started farming and breeding teosinte about 9000 years ago, but that's not that long ago considering how different today's butter-drenched sugar missiles are from their ancestor.

我们知道早期美国人大约在9000年前开始种植、培育蜀黍，但想到今天涂满黄，它们之间如此迥异，又觉得用这么长时间是合理。

Over the last millennia, our ancestors have pursued this in basic ways, for instance, by improving milk production from cows and making a wild grass called teosinte into edible corn.

在过去几千年里， 我们祖先一直在以基本方式追求这一点，例如，通过提高奶牛产奶量， 以及将一种叫做类蜀黍野草制成可食用。

Modern experiments on wild teosinte turned up some surprises: As few as 5 genetic changes, in the right places, might have been enough to invent corn, or at least something that looks like corn.

只要在适当地方行5次基因改变，就足以发明出，或者至少看起来像东西。

If turning aurochs into cattle, wolves into dogs or teosinte into maize sounds like a sideshow compared with transforming the composition of the atmosphere, looting the oceans or destroying the rainforests, consider a few facts.

如果说，与改变大气成分、掠夺海洋或破坏雨林相比，把古代野牛变成家牛、把狼变成狗或者把墨西哥类蜀黍变成这种事听起来无关紧要，请仔细思考几个事实。