1.Squamous cell carcinoma, as you can tell by its name, arises from squamous epithelium.

鳞细胞癌（鳞癌）正如其名，来源于鳞皮细胞。

2.The first type of epithelium is called keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

第皮名叫角化复层鳞皮。

3.A perforation becomes permanent when its edges are covered by squamous epithelium and it does not heal spontaneously.

当穿孔的边缘被鳞皮覆盖且不能自动愈合时，穿孔就成为永久性的。

4.Squamous cell carcinoma arises from the stratified squamous epithelium.

食管鳞癌起源于复层鳞皮。

5.Finally, at the lower esophageal sphincter, the squamous epithelium joins the columnar gastric epithelium to form the gastroesophageal junction.

最后，在食管下括约肌处，食管鳞皮移行为胃柱皮，形成了胃-食管交界区。

6.Squamous cells are flat. Their name means " scale, " and they look kind of squished, like fish scales.

鳞细胞是扁平的。它们的名字的意思是“鳞片”，它们看起来有点压扁了，就像鱼鳞样。

7.They're actually tucked into tiny pockets hidden behind the stratified squamous epithelial cells on your tongue.

它们实际被藏在舌头复层鳞皮细胞后面的小口袋里。

8.When this happens, squamous cells start dividing uncontrollably, and more mutations accumulate with each division.

当基因突变发生，鳞皮细胞开始不受控地分裂，随着每次分裂，新的突变还会继续积累。

9.Arthur felt mobile waves of hope running the length of its squamous body from head to tail.

阿鳞光闪闪的这条鱼的浑身下从头尾涌动着股求生的愿望。

10.Those squamous cells are a dime a dozen. There's still lots of layers left. Plus, epithelial tissue regenerates really quickly.

那些鳞细胞可以说是打毛钱。还有很多层。另外，皮组织再生非常快。

11.These cancer cells release a substance called mobility factor, which helps them break into and settle in between the squamous epithelial cells.

这些癌细胞可以释放叫做迁移因子的物质，可以使他们侵犯鳞皮细胞，并在其间安家。

12.Wearing sunscreen helps protect against the development of all three types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

基底细胞癌、鳞皮癌、和黑色素瘤。

13.In chronic laryngitis the normal columnar cells undergo dysplasia, which is when they transform into squamous epithelium to adapt to the chronic irritation.

慢性喉炎中，正常柱细胞异型增生转变为鳞皮细胞，来适应慢性刺激。

14.Squamous cell cancers arise from squamous cells that undergo genetic mutations that either activate proto-oncogenes or inactivate tumor suppressor genes.

鳞细胞癌产生于经历了基因突变的鳞细胞，基因突变可能激活原癌基因、或使抑癌基因失活。

15.For example, squamous cells are flat, which makes it easy for materials like oxygen to move across them to the other side.

例如，鳞细胞是扁平的，这使得像氧气这样的物质很容易通过它们移动另边。

16.A second type of epithelium is non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and it contains cells that don't produce much keratin, making this layer less tough.

第二皮是未角化的复层鳞皮，其细胞产生的角质较少，故这层结构相对比较脆弱。

17.Most of the oral cavity is lined by stratified squamous epithelium, so the majority of cancers that arise are squamous cell cancers.

口腔内大部分表面都由复层鳞皮覆盖，所以大部分口腔癌都属于鳞细胞癌。

18.Well-differentiated tumors with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma morphology can be diagnosed by routine light microscopy, without the need for IHC.

具有腺癌或鳞细胞癌形态的分化良好的肿瘤可以通过常规光学显微镜进行诊断，而不需要 IHC。机翻

19.Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma, accounts for 80- 85% of all lung cancers.

非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）包括腺癌、鳞细胞癌和大细胞癌，占所有肺癌的80-85%。机翻

20.So its mucosa is made up of stratified squamous epithelium, which is better equipped to resist abrasion from food going down.

因此，其粘膜是由复层鳞皮构成的，能较好地抵御食物对食管的磨损。