It is composed of what sounds like a bizarre mixture: fly-ash, a fine-grained waste product from coal-fired power stations; carbon nanotubes, cylindrical molecules made of elemental carbon; and two binding agents, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide.

煤灰，火力发电厂排放的细颗粒废弃物；碳纳米管，即柱状的碳分子；还有两种黏合剂：硅酸钠和氢氧化钠。

However, in terms of general usage, the word 'bleach' is used to refer to common household bleach, which consists of 3-8% sodium hypochlorite and trace amounts of sodium hydroxide.

一般用法而言，“漂白剂”一词是指普通家用漂白剂，由3-8％的次氯酸钠和微量的氢氧化钠组成。

Strong bases meanwhile, like sodium hydroxide, consume large amounts of hydrogen ions leaving the concentration very low, so they 10d to have very high pHs.

那么pH，简单地表示为负的该浓度以10为底的对数，也是7的这个伙伴，成为了pH标度的基础。

You could technically have an even higher pH. A really high concentration of sodium hydroxide in water can have a pH of 15, which means there’s only 1 hydrogen ion for every 100 million hydroxide ions.

理论上你可以拥有更高的pH值。水中极高浓度的氢氧化钠可以达到pH 15，这意味着每1亿个氢氧根离子中只有一个氢离子。

And in that remember we're looking at the amount that we have to add of a certain solution, in this case is was sodium hydroxide.

记, 正在考虑必须添加的特定溶液的量, 在这种情况下是氢氧化钠。

This is done by soaking them in water or brine or brine followed by a solution of sodium hydroxide known as lie.

这是通过将它浸泡在水中或盐水中，然后再用一种称为碱液的氢氧化钠溶液来完成的。

So that's like, 294 Kelvin, and now I shall add my 100 mL of sodium hydroxide.

所以那是大约294开尔文，现在将加入100毫升的氢氧化钠。

Remember that we can look up the standard enthalpy of formation for all the products and reactants in the back of a textbook or online, the chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide produces liquid water and sodium chloride.

记得可以在教科书的后面或在线查找所有产物和反应物的标准生成焓，盐酸和氢氧化钠之间的化学反应会产生液态水和氯化钠。

If instead of adding 30.0 milliliters of 1.0 molar sodium hydroxide, let's say we had to add 25.0 milliliters of a 0.5 molar sodium hydroxide solution.

如果不是添加30.0毫升1.0摩尔氢氧化钠, 假设必须添加25.0毫升0.5摩尔氢氧化钠溶液。

Sodium hydroxide and Hypochlorous acid from bleach neutralize these proteins.

漂白剂中的亚氯酸会中和这些。

Remember I told you it's 1.0 molar sodium hydroxide solution.

记得告诉过你这是1.0摩尔氢氧化钠溶液。

The standard enthalpy of formation for hydrochloric acid is -167.2 kJ per mole; for sodium hydroxide it's -469.15 kJ per mole; for liquid water it's -285.8; and for sodium chloride it's -407.27.

盐酸的标准生成焓是-167.2千焦每摩尔；氢氧化钠的是-469.15千焦每摩尔； 液态水的是-285.8千焦每摩尔； 氯化钠的是-407.27千焦每摩尔。

(mumbling) And now I'm going to put the same amount of sodium hydroxide solution.

（咕哝着）现在要加入相同量的氢氧化钠溶液。

As we add the sodium hydroxide, the pH is going to start to climb gradually.

当添加氢氧化钠时，pH 值会开始逐渐上升。

What we're going to do is be adding sodium hydroxide to hydrochloric acid.

要做的是将氢氧化钠添加到盐酸中。

Then, there's sodium hydroxide, another substance that I wouldn't wish to be on my worst foe, although I'm glad we have it.

然后是氢氧化钠，另一种连最恨的敌人都不希望它有的物质， 尽管很高兴有它。

And so in this case we're going to have acetic acid in the bottom and then we're going to add a strong base, so that's sodium hydroxide.

在这种情况下， 将在底部加入乙酸， 然后添加强碱，也是氢氧化钠。

It's just because we're just pouring straight sodium hydroxide in.

这仅仅是因为只是直接将氢氧化钠倒入其中。

And so if we add some of that sodium hydroxide eventually it turns pink.

所以如果添加一些氢氧化钠最终它会变成粉红色。

So I'm going to put the moles of sodium hydroxide on the bottom and the moles of oxalic acid on the top.

所以要把氢氧化钠的摩尔放在底部, 把草酸的摩尔放在顶部。