Even in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales the monk, the friar, the pardoner, and the prioress are definitely seen as symbols of wealth, and greed rather than humility and piety.

即使在乔叟的《坎特伯雷故》，僧侣、、赦罪僧和院院长也被明确地视为财富和贪婪的象征，而不是谦逊和虔诚的象征。