Metastases to the myocardium are less common, but arise more commonly when cancer spreads via the blood.

然而转移到心肌并不是很常见，但是当癌细胞传播到血液中时，心肌癌的可能性将会升高。

Now, with coronary artery disease, there's ischemia, or reduced blood flow to the region of myocardium supplied by that artery.

，冠状动脉性疾病患者存心肌缺血，即由某一动脉供血的心肌血供减少了。

As we get into our 50s and our 60s, the heart muscles, what we call our myocardium, start to lose oxygen.

当我们五六十岁时，心肌，我们称之为心肌，开始缺氧。

This is a cross-section of the Chen-Lupino boy's myocardium.

这是Chen-Lupino心肌的横截面。

STEMI is infarction that extends the entire thickness of the myocardium.

STEMI指心肌梗死延伸至心肌层。

In this case, less blood and oxygen gets through the coronary artery to the heart tissue, which damages the myocardium.

该情况下，冠状动脉没有给心脏供应足够的血液和氧气，进而导致心肌受损。

Over time, this results in maximal vasodilation beyond the obstruction, and it helps the collateral vessel redivert blood to the ischemic myocardium.

随着时间的推移，这会使阻塞远端的血最大程度地扩张，并帮助侧支循环将血流引向缺血的心肌。

If left untreated, however, the full thickness of the region of myocardium supplied by the occluded vessel may die.

然而，如若不治疗，堵塞血供血的心肌区域厚层将死亡。

We will now examine what happens when the full thickness of myocardium under lead v6 is dead.

我们将检查V6导联下，心肌层死亡时的情况。

The end result is that blood is diverted, or stolen, away from the ischemic myocardium to non-ischemic areas, which further worsens the ischemia.

最终结果就是血液从缺血的心肌被转移或者说被“偷”到未缺血区域，进一步加剧了缺血。

As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don't receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.

于是冠脉B供血的心肌出了缺血，心肌细胞无法获得足够的氧气，称为“缺氧”。

The electrical impulses THEN move through the myocardium to the other side.

然后，电脉冲通过心肌传到另一侧。

In severe cases, blood flow can been completely cut off, which results in myocardial infarction, or the necrosis of a portion of myocardium.

严重的情况下，血流会被完阻断，引起心肌梗死，即心肌的部分坏死。

There's also a tiny third opening into the right atrium called the coronary sinus, which collects blood from coronary vessels returning from the myocardium.

右心房还有第三个微小的开口叫冠状窦，以收集从心肌返回的冠状静脉血液。

The signals are then passed onto Purkinje fibers, turning upward and spreading throughout the ventricular myocardium.

然后这些信号被传递到浦肯野纤维上，向上旋转并扩散到整个心室心肌。

If blood flow's reduced or the myocardium is thicker, blood has a harder time reaching this deeper layer just under the endocardium, called the subendocardium.

一旦血流减少或心肌变厚，血流便难以到达最深层，即心内膜下层。

The signals are then passed onto fascicular branches, and spread through millions of Purkinje fibres over the ventricular myocardium.

这些信号随后传递到束状分支上，并通过心室心肌上数以百万计的浦肯野纤维传播。

So, moving from the outside of the heart to the inside of the heart: after the epicardium, there's the myocardium, which is the muscular middle layer.

从心脏的外侧到心脏的内部：心外膜后，有心肌层，即中间的肌肉层。

This ischemia is thought to trigger release of adenosine, bradykinin, and other molecules that stimulate nerve fibers in the myocardium that result in the sensation of pain.

心内膜下缺血被认为启动腺苷、缓激肽等分子的释放，这些分子刺激心肌层神经末梢，导致痛觉产生。

As the region of myocardium affected in this example lies directly under leads, V5, V6, lead I, and aVL.

例如，受影响的心肌区域直接位于导联V5、V6、导联I和aVL下。