The middle layer is the lamina propria and it contains blood and lymph vessels.

粘膜层的中层为固有层，内含血管和淋巴管。

Inside the stomach, the epithelial layer is made up of cylindrical cells, which dive into the lamina propria, forming pits.

在胃内，上皮层由柱状细胞组成，这些细胞深入固有层，形成凹坑。

These hormones signal the subfornical organ and vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, that it's time to drink water.

这些激素向终板下器官和终板血管器官发出信号，提示饮水的时间到了。

Lastly the gastric mucosa is highly vascularized, which helps deliver oxygen and bicarbonate and carry away acid that makes it through into the lamina propria.

最后，胃粘膜高度血管化，这有助送氧气和氢盐并，使其通过固有层。

Going deeper past that layer you've got the basement membrane and loose connective tissue, called the lamina propria—which together with the epithelium makes up the mucosa.

更深层由基底膜细胞和疏松结缔组织组成，被称为基底层，它和上皮层一起组成了气道的黏膜层。

Alvarez wondered what it was about a thin lamina of clay, barely a quarter of an inch thick, that could account for such a dramatic moment in Earth's history.

阿尔瓦雷斯不大明白，只有6毫米左右厚的薄薄一层黏土，怎么能说明地球史上这么个戏剧性的时刻。

One type of daughter cell — known as a type A cell — stays up near the basal lamina and just keeps dividing, so you never run out of spermatogonia.

有一种子细胞——也就是众所周知的 A 型细胞——会待在基底层附近并不断分裂，所以精原细胞永远不会耗尽。

In the bronchioles you've got the lumen, the mucosa which includes the inner lining of epithelial cells as well as the lamina propria, and the submucosa which is where the smooth muscle lives.

在细支气管内，有腔体、粘膜（包括上皮细胞的内层、固有层），以及粘膜下层，也就是平滑肌所在的地方。

The mucosa also has three layers of its own: a layer made of stratified squamous epithelium; a layer of connective tissue, called the lamina propria; and a layer of muscle cells, called the muscularis mucosae.

黏膜层本身又由三层结构组成，一层复层鳞状上皮，一层结缔组织，又叫固有层，还有一层肌细胞，又叫黏膜肌层。

Beneath the epithelium, there's another layer called the basement membrane made of tough connective tissue, and below that is the lamina propria which has yet more connective tissue that houses blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, and immune cells.

在这层上皮下面的是另一层称为基底膜的结构，由坚硬的结缔组织构成，再往下是固有层，其包含更多结缔组织，容纳了血管、淋巴管、神经和免疫细胞。

This term stems from the same Latin word that 'lamination' does: 'lamina', meaning 'a thin layer of a material', and it refers to smooth flow in a fluid, where the moving particles stay largely confined to distinct layers.

该术语与“层压” 源自同一个拉丁词：“lamina”，意思是“材料的薄层”，它指的是流体中的平滑流动，其中移动的颗粒很大程度上被限制在不同的层中。