We weren't able to agree on the appropriate independent variables.

无法就合适的自变量达成一致。

How did you measure your dependent and independent variables?

你如何测量你的因变量和自变量?

Your hypothesis is that they change when the independent variable changes.

的假设是当自变量发生变化时它发生变化。

The factors, which we have taken as given, influence our independent variables, but do not completely determine them.

视为给定的因素影响的自变量，但不能完全决定它。

But you can also have variables that you believe are affected by changes in your independent variable; these are your dependent variables.

但是也可以拥有认为受自变量变化影响的变量；这些是你的因变量。

And let's define it as the sum of 3 of these independent variables, each of them that have a standard normal distribution.

让将其定义为 3 个自变量的总和，每个变量都服从标准正态分布。

So we just showed you is that the variance of the difference of two independent random variables is equal to the sum of the variances.

所以刚刚向展示了两个独立随机变量之差的方差等于方差之和。

So we have one independent variable – receiving the voucher or not – and a bunch of possible dependent variables, like earnings, education, and health outcomes.

所以有一个自变量——是否收到代金券——以及一堆可能的因变量，比如收入、教育和健康结果。

In this case, geographic location is what we call the independent variable; it’s the variable that we think is affecting the change in how people describe themselves.

在这种情况下，地理位置就是所说的自变量；认为这是影响人自描述方式变化的变量。

The division of the determinants of the economic system into the two groups of given factors and independent variables is, of course, quite arbitrary from any absolute standpoint.

将经济系统的决定因素分为给定因素和自变量两组，当然，从任何绝对的角度来看都是相当武断的。

Thus the traditional analysis is faulty because it has failed to isolate correctly the independent variables of the system. Saving and investment are the determinates of the system, not the determinants.

因此，传统分析是错误的，因为它未能正确隔离系统的自变量。储蓄和投资是系统的决定因素，而不是决定因素。

And since we're only taking one sum over here-- we're only taking the sum of one independent, normally distributed, standard or normally distributed variable, we say that this only has 1 degree of freedom.

由于在这里只取一个总和——只取一个独立的、正态分布的、标准的或正态分布的变量的总和，说这只有 1 个自由度。

To begin with, it may be useful to make clear which elements in the economic system we usually take as given, which are the independent variables of our system and which are the dependent variables.

首先，弄清楚通常认为经济系统中的哪些要素是给定的，哪些是系统的自变量，哪些是因变量可能是有用的。

In regression, y is the variable we want to predict (the dependent variable). In this example, y is the shear strength. x is the independent variable — in this case, the age of the propellant.

在回归中，y 是想要预测的变量（因变量）。在此示例中，y 是剪切强度。 x 是自变量——在本例中是推进剂的年龄。

Our independent variables are, in the first instance, the propensity to consume, the schedule of the marginal efficiency of capital and the rate of interest, though, as we have already seen, these are capable of further analysis.

的自变量首先是消费倾向、资本边际效率表和利率，尽管正如已经看到的那样，这些可以进一步分析。