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Abstract: Objective To investigate the significance on the expression of dystrophin in muscle tissue of the patients with myodystrophy.

: 目的 探讨营养不良在肌营养不良症患者肌表达的意义。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Without the support of dystrophin in place, the sarcolemma essentially wilts and becomes unstable.

没有肌萎缩蛋白支撑,肌膜塌缩变得不稳定。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Okay, so as a quick recap: the protein dystrophin is super important for stabilizing the muscle cell membrane.

肌萎缩蛋白对肌纤维稳定性维持极其重要。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Alright, so the dystrophin gene is a huge gene on the X-chromosome, that has 79 exons and is over 2 million base pairs in length.

肌萎缩蛋白基因是X染色体上一庞大基因,含有79显子,全长超过2000kbp(书上通常缩写为bp,碱基对)。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Now, the fact that both Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy result from mutations in the same dystrophin gene means that they are " allelic disorders, "

DMDBMD都是由于同一肌萎缩蛋白基因突变引起着二者是“等位基因疾病”。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Within that group, dystrophinopathies are the most common, which includes Duchenne muscular dystrophy, or DMD, and Becker muscular dystrophy, both of which result from mutations in the dystrophin gene.

这些功能紊乱中,营养不良疾病是最常见,包括Duchenne型肌营养不良(DMD)Becker型肌营养不良(BMD);这二者都是由肌萎缩蛋白基因突变导致

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Osmosis-肌骨

In addition to those two, genetic mutations in other genes are responsible for several dozen other muscular dystrophies, some of which code for proteins that form a protein complex with dystrophin protein.

除了这两种疾病,其它基因突变导致了其它几十种肌营养不良,其中一些基因编码形成肌萎缩蛋白相关蛋白复合体蛋白质。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Now if this inactivation's random, you'd expect about half of the female's cells to have a functional dystrophin gene and the other half to have a defective dystrophin gene, and these people are typically asymptomatic.

如果失活是随机,可以预料到女性一半细胞中抗肌萎缩蛋白基因是正常,另一半是有缺陷,通常这些人无临床症状。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Having said that, if more cells end up with the defective dystrophin gene, and less with the functional one, they can end up being " manifesting carriers, " meaning that they manifest or show some symptoms.

话虽如此,如果机体中有该基因缺陷细胞更多,而正常基因更少,这一类人群就是“显性携带者”,着他们也会有部分症状表现。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Later symptoms include needing a wheelchair because of severe weakness, developing respiratory failure because of a weak diaphragm, scoliosis, and developing dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias since the dystrophin protein is also expressed in heart muscle.

后期症状包括,由于严重肌无力需坐轮椅,由于膈肌无力会发生呼吸衰竭、脊柱侧凸,因为肌萎缩蛋白也表达于心肌纤维,还会引发扩张型心肌病心律失常。

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Osmosis-肌骨

Mutations in the dystrophin gene that lead to a loss of dystrophin leads to duchenne muscular dystrophy, whereas mutations in the dystrophin gene that leads to misshapen dystrophin leads to Becker muscular dystrophy.

基因突变导致抗肌萎缩蛋白丢失会引发DMD;而突变导致畸形蛋白则会引发BMD。

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