3.To review the research progress of etiopathology on pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) complicated with bidirectional superior cavopulmonary anastomosis( BSCA).
12.The idea of a combined system that can both read from and write to the brain or body is referred to as a closed-loop system or bidirectional human interface.
13.This bidirectional link between food production and population density explains the paradox that food production, while increasing the quantity of edible calories per acre, left the food producers less well nourished than the hunter-gatherers whom they succeeded.