The apical or upper side, is exposed to either the outside of your body, or whatever internal cavity it's lining.

顶端或上部，暴露在你身体的外部或它的任何内腔中。

These organisms navigate their environments not through locomotion, but apical extension -- growing through the tips of their bodies.

这些物体不是通过运动而是通过顶端延伸来导航它们的环境——通过它们身体的尖端长。

Blood vessels and nerves come from the jaw bones, and enter the center of the root through a narrow passage, called the apical foramen.

血管和神经从颌骨通过一个叫做牙根尖孔的狭窄通道进入牙根中央。

But ADH triggers those cells to move aquaporins they have in storage, over to the apical side, which allows more water to leave the urine.

但是 ADH 触发这些细胞将它们储存的通道蛋白转移到顶端，这允许更多的离开尿液。

Clusters of stem cells, called apical meristems, at the tip of every stem and root continually produce the materials needed to build new body parts.

在每个茎和根的尖端，被根尖分组织的干细胞群不断地产构建新身体部位所需的材料。

This is possible because of special protein channels in their membranes called aquaporins that are on both the apical, or filtrate-facing side, and the basal, or capillary-facing side of the cells.

这是可能的，因它们的膜中通道蛋白的特殊蛋白质通道位于细胞的顶端或面向滤液的一侧，以及基底或面向毛细血管的一侧。

These include stem cells from human exfoliated deciduousteeth (SHED), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), dental follicleprecursor cells (DFPCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

这些包括来自人类脱落的脱落的干细胞(SHED), 来自顶乳头(SCAP)的干细胞, 牙囊前体细胞(DFPC), 牙周韧带干细胞(PDLSCs)和牙龈来源的间充质干细胞。

More importantly, RCT eliminates the pulpal innate immuneresponse and natural biological defense against bacterial invasion, leaving the treated pulpless tooth more susceptible to recurrentcaries, apical periodontitis, and ultimate tooth fracture or loss.

更重要的是, RCT消除了牙髓先天免疫反应和针对细菌入侵的自然物防御, 使经过治疗的无牙髓牙齿更容易复发, 尖端牙周炎和最终的牙齿骨折或脱落。

We also talked about how epithelial cells are polar, having both apical and basal sides, and are selectively permeable, and lastly we took a brief look at how our glandular epithelial tissue forms both out endocrine and exocrine glands.

我们还讨论了上皮细胞是如何极性的，具有顶端和基底两侧，并且具有选择性渗透性，最后我们简要了解了我们的腺上皮组织如何形成内分泌腺和外分泌腺。