The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.

这些古鱼化石是在我国重庆、贵州等地志留早期距今约 4.4 亿年地层中发现。

From a Silurian fish to Homo sapiens was a long journey.

从志留鱼到智人是一段漫长旅程。

For instance, it cannot be doubted that all the Cambrian and Silurian trilobites are descended from some one crustacean, which must have lived long before the Cambrian age, and which probably differed greatly from any known animal.

例如，毫无疑问，所有和志留三叶虫都是某种甲壳类动后代，这种甲壳类动一定生活在之前很久， 而且可能与任何已知动都大不相同。

Thus it turned out that the last year in England was the pleasantest. He was already old in society, and belonged to the Silurian horizon. The Prince of Wales had come.

事实证明，在英国最后一年是最愉快。他在社上已经老了，属于志留地平线。威尔士亲王来了。

We, you know, the idea was that we're going to talk about the Silurian hypothesis, which they didn't know about yet, and we had just done a thing on.

我们，你知道，想法是我们要讨论一下志留假说，这是他们还不知道， 而我们刚做过相关内容。

So we call, or Gavin called this the Silurian hypothesis after the " Doctor Who" episode with the lizard creatures, the Silurians.

因此我们称之为，或者说加文根据《神秘博士》中关于蜥蜴生集， 将其称为志留假说，也就是志留人。

While fish with jaws first appeared in the Silurian, they proliferated in the Devonian.

虽然有颚鱼最早出现在 志留，但它们在泥盆大量繁殖。

Considering the consequences of these extinctions, it seems unbelievable that we once  thought the Silurian was so peaceful.

考虑到这些灭绝后果，真不敢相信我们曾经认为志留是如此平静。

One of the ideas is scorpions came out of the water from Silurian period long time ago.

——其中一个想法是蝎子很久以前从志留时期就从水中出现了。

Adam Sedgwick of Cambridge claimed for the Cambrian period a layer of rock that Roderick Murchison believed belonged rightly to the Silurian.

剑桥大学亚当·塞奇威克 (Adam Sedgwick) 声称, 时期一层岩石, 罗德里克·默奇森 (Roderick Murchison) 认为属于志留。

They have concluded that the common ancestor of all jawed vertebrates, which lived over 400 million years ago during the Silurian period, had a brain which could support the neural architecture required by GWNT.

他们得出结论， 所有有颌脊椎动共同祖先，在超过4亿年前泥盆时期，拥有一个能够支持全球神经工作空间理论所需神经结构大脑。

Most of these are also reasonably well known, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic, Silurian, and so on.

其中大多数也是相当知名, 白亜, 侏罗, 三叠, 志留等等。

These events happened at least  15 times throughout the Silurian, and we're still not actually sure why.

这些事件在整个志留期间至少发生了15次，但我们仍然不清楚具体原因。

For a long time, paleontologists thought the  Silurian was a time of relative stability, with life recovering and flourishing after the mass  extinctions at the end of the Ordovician period.

长期以来， 古生学家认为志留是一个相对稳定时期，在奥陶末期大规模灭绝之后， 生命得到了恢复并繁荣发展。

Devonian is, of course, from the English county of Devon, Cambrian comes from the Roman name for Wales, while Ordovician and Silurian recall ancient Welsh tribes, the Ordovices and Silurs.

当然, 泥盆来自英国德文郡, 来自威尔士罗马名称, 而奥陶和志留则让人想起古老威尔士部落, 奥陶和志留。

In fact, immediately after  these extinction events, the fossil record of the Silurian shows the  same trend in graptolites, over and over again.

事实上，在这些灭绝事件之后，志留化石记录一次又一次地显示了笔石相同趋势。

Today we know that the Silurian  was a time of incredible change, a trend now seen in chemistry, rocks, and many different types of fossils.

如今我们知道志留是一个变化巨大时期，这种趋势现在可以从化学成分、岩石以及许多不同类型化石中看到。

And, most of all, they show us how unpredictable  the Silurian period really could be.

而且，最重要是，它们展示了志留时期究竟有多么不可预测。

But as the Silurian gave way to the Devonian, a dangerous new competitive pressure entered the seas — the armored, jawed fish known as the placoderms.

但当志留过渡到泥盆时，一种新危险竞争压力进入了海洋——就是被称为盾皮鱼装甲有颌鱼。

These massive ocean and climate swings  caused graptolites to almost completely go extinct in the middle of the Silurian - 95%  of the species across the globe disappeared.

这些巨大海洋和气候波动导致笔石在志留中期几乎完全灭绝——全球95%种消失了。