Although diabetes and hypertension are responsible for the vast majority of CKD cases, there are other systemic diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, can also cause glomerulosclerosis.

糖病和高压是慢性肾病的主要病因，也有其他疾病如狼疮、类风性关节炎能导致肾小球硬化。

The second most common cause of CKD is diabetes, excess glucose in the blood starts sticking to proteins in the blood — a process called non-enzymatic glycation because no enzymes are involved.

慢性肾病的第二大病因是糖病，过多的葡萄糖黏附于的蛋白质上，该过程叫非酶性糖基化过程，因为该过程不涉及酶。