monophyletic

clade A group defined by at least one shared derived character or synapomorphy inherited from a common ancestor; a monophyletic higher taxon, a branch on a cladogram.

进化由共同祖先演化产生的生物群在演化分的一个分支。

polyphyletic Refers to a group of species that do not have one common ancestor species. Species may be grouped polyphyletically as a convenience until a monophyletic classification can be made.

复系的指的是没有一个共同祖先的一族群。在便下，种可能是来自多个祖先谱系的群集，直到一个单源的分类能被创立。