monophyletic

clade A group defined by at least one shared derived character or synapomorphy inherited from a common ancestor; a monophyletic higher taxon, a branch on a cladogram.

进枝由共同祖先产生的生物群在枝图上的一个支。

polyphyletic Refers to a group of species that do not have one common ancestor species. Species may be grouped polyphyletically as a convenience until a monophyletic classification can be made.

复系的指的是没有一个共同祖先的一族群。在便利性之，能是来自多个祖先谱系的群集，直到一个单源的类能被创立。