by-time

"A digital watch shows the time by electronically lit up numbers, e.g. 1021."

"数字手表是用电子显示数字来表示时间的,1021。"

The mass was calculated by timing the orbit of Eris' moon Dysnomia.

过对里斯的卫星--戴丝诺米娅运行轨道计时后计算出了里斯的质量。

I passed the time by counting the cars that drove past the school.

我用数驶过学校的小汽车来消磨时间。

Your patience is tested by time.

时间将的耐心。