四六级写作提分锦囊：图表作文和解决方法类作文都有哪些“套路”？
英语四六级写作考查的是学生在用英语进行写作时的能力，其中主要包括语言表达能力、内容逻辑能力、文体应用能力、文化背景知识和实践应用能力：考察学生能否将所学到的英语知识应用到实际生活场景中，如何通过英语写作来表达自己的观点和情感。常考的作文类型有图表作文、解决问题型、议论文、书信等，今天主要来看一下前两种吧！
图表作文
图表作文是指在写作中会引用或描述某种图表（如表格、柱状图、折线图等）来展示数据和趋势的一类作文。
英语图表作文通常包括以下几个部分：
引言：简单介绍图表的内容和背景信息。例如，您可以提供图表的名称、来源以及相关数据的时间范围等。
描述：对图表中的数据、趋势和模式进行描述和解释。您可以使用形容词和动词来描述数据变化的速度、幅度、比例、趋势等。
分析：分析数据的含义和可能的原因。您可以探讨不同的因素对数据的影响，并给出可能的解释或假设。
结论：根据数据和分析结果得出结论或者提出建议。您可以总结分析结果并提出行动计划或建议。这一部分需要与引言相呼应，并使文章更加完整。
下面是一个英语图表作文的示例：
【题目】世界各国2019年人均GDP排名
【图表】一张柱状图，显示了2019年全球195个国家的人均GDP排名情况。
【段落1】引言：简单介绍图表内容
The bar chart illustrates the ranking of per capita GDP for 195 countries worldwide in 2019. The data were collected from reputable sources and show a clear picture of the global economic landscape.
【段落2】描述：对图表中的数据、趋势和模式进行描述和解释
As can be seen from the graph, Luxembourg, with a per capita GDP of $113,196, ranked first in 2019. This was followed by Switzerland, Macao SAR, Norway, and Iceland. By contrast, South Sudan, Burundi, Malawi, Mozambique, and Somalia were at the bottom of the list, with a per capita GDP below $1,000.
Overall, the top 10 countries had a per capita GDP above $60,000, while the bottom 10 countries had a per capita GDP below $1,500. There was also a significant disparity between developed and developing countries, with developed countries generally having higher per capita GDP than developing countries.
【段落3】分析：分析数据的含义和可能的原因
The high ranking of Luxembourg, Switzerland, and Macao SAR can be attributed to their strong service industries, such as banking, finance, and tourism. These industries generate high-value-added activities and contribute significantly to their national economies.
On the other hand, the low ranking of South Sudan and other African countries may be due to a range of factors, including political instability, social unrest, poor infrastructure, and lack of access to education and healthcare. These challenges have hindered economic growth and development in these countries.
【段落4】结论：根据数据和分析结果得出结论或者提出建议
In conclusion, the ranking of per capita GDP for 195 countries worldwide in 2019 reflects the diverse economic conditions and challenges faced by different countries. While some countries have achieved remarkable economic success, others are struggling to lift their populations out of poverty and achieve sustainable development. To address these issues, governments and international organizations need to work together to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, reduce inequality, and improve access to basic services and opportunities.
解决方法类作文
解决方法类作文是一种常见的写作类型，要求对某个问题提出可行的解决方案。这类文章通常涉及实际生活中的问题或社会问题，并且要求给出具体的解决方案。
解决方法类作文通常包括以下几个部分：
引言：简单介绍问题和背景信息。例如，您可以提供问题的性质、影响和重要性等。
分析问题：分析问题的原因和影响。您可以探讨不同的因素对问题的影响，并给出可能的解释或假设。
提出解决方案：根据分析结果，提出可行的解决方案。您可以从政策、技术、教育等多个角度来考虑解决问题的方法，并选择最具可行性的方案进行阐述。
措施实施：对解决方案的实施进行详细描述。您可以说明需要采取什么步骤，以及需要投入多少资源、时间等。
结论：总结解决方案的重要性和可行性。您可以强调该解决方案的利弊和优势，并展望未来可能的发展方向。
下面是一个解决方法类作文的示例：
【题目】如何有效减少塑料污染
【段落1】引言：简单介绍问题和背景信息
Plastic pollution is one of the major environmental issues facing the world today. It not only harms wildlife and ecosystems but also poses a threat to human health. The excessive use of plastic products, such as straws, bags, and bottles, has contributed to the accumulation of plastic waste in oceans and on land. Therefore, it is important to find effective ways to reduce plastic pollution.
【段落2】分析问题：分析塑料污染的原因和影响
The reasons for plastic pollution are various. Firstly, people's over-dependence on single-use plastic items has created a huge demand that cannot be met by recycling alone. Secondly, the lack of public awareness and education about plastic waste disposal has led to improper handling and disposal. Thirdly, the poor management of plastic waste in many countries has resulted in significant environmental problems.
The impacts of plastic pollution are also significant. Plastic waste can harm wildlife through ingestion or entanglement, disrupt ecosystems, and cause long-term damage to the environment. Moreover, microplastics have been found in various sources of food and water, which may pose a risk to human health.
【段落3】提出解决方案：如何有效减少塑料污染
To address this problem, several effective solutions can be taken. First, governments should implement policies to ban or phase out single-use plastic items and encourage the use of reusable alternatives. Second, businesses and industries can play a role in reducing plastic waste by adopting sustainable practices and promoting eco-friendly products. Third, individuals can make a difference by changing their consumption habits, reducing plastic use, and properly disposing of plastic waste.
【段落4】措施实施：对解决方案的实施进行详细描述
To implement these solutions, governments can adopt policies such as imposing taxes on plastic products, providing incentives for businesses to switch to green alternatives, and promoting public awareness campaigns. Businesses can invest in research and development to create innovative and eco-friendly products and adopt circular economy practices to reduce waste. Individuals can carry reusable bags and water bottles, avoid single-use plastic products, and properly dispose of plastic waste.
【段落5】结论：总结解决方案的重要性和可行性
In conclusion, reducing plastic pollution is a pressing global issue that requires a comprehensive approach involving governments, businesses, and individuals. The solutions presented here are feasible and effective, and can contribute to a cleaner and healthier environment for all. By taking action now, we can create a more sustainable future for generations to come.
